{"id":4631,"date":"2025-12-01T12:20:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T15:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/impactocastex.com.ar\/?p=4631"},"modified":"2025-12-01T12:20:03","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T15:20:03","slug":"dia-mundial-del-sida-cientificos-divulgaron-10-claves-para-prevenir-la-infeccion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/impactocastex.com.ar\/?p=4631","title":{"rendered":"D\u00eda Mundial del Sida: cient\u00edficos divulgaron 10 claves para prevenir la infecci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

En el marco del D\u00eda Mundial del Sida<\/strong>, que se conmemora cada 1\u00b0 de diciembre desde 1988 con respaldo de las Naciones Unidas<\/strong>, un panel de expertos public\u00f3 hoy una gu\u00eda con recomendaciones y 10 directrices pr\u00e1cticas<\/strong> para facilitar el acceso a la profilaxis preexposici\u00f3n (PrEP)<\/strong> y a la profilaxis postexposici\u00f3n (PEP)<\/strong> en adolescentes y adultos que enfrentan situaciones de riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La gu\u00eda fue publicada en la revista\u00a0Canadian Medical Association Journal<\/strong><\/em>. Hoy, 40,8 millones de personas viven con el VIH en todo el mundo, 1,3 millones de nuevas infecciones ocurrieron en 2024, y\u00a09,2 millones de personas a\u00fan no acceden al tratamiento<\/strong>, seg\u00fan el \u00faltimo reporte del programa\u00a0Onusida<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A trav\u00e9s de la publicaci\u00f3n de la gu\u00eda, se busca desarrollar una prevenci\u00f3n m\u00e1s amplia, sencilla y personalizada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La coordinaci\u00f3n estuvo a cargo de Darrell H.S. Tan<\/strong>, infect\u00f3logo de St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, en colaboraci\u00f3n con el Instituto Canadiense de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud<\/strong> y la Red Pan-Canadiense para Ensayos Cl\u00ednicos sobre VIH<\/strong>. Quieren reducir nuevos casos de personas con VIH a trav\u00e9s de la prevenci\u00f3n combinada y el acceso temprano a opciones farmacol\u00f3gicas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El objetivo es eliminar obst\u00e1culos administrativos y sociales para que quienes pueden beneficiarse con esos tratamientos accedan sin demoras ni requisitos adicionales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La gu\u00eda fue dise\u00f1ada como referencia clara para el personal de la salud y para el p\u00fablico que busca informaci\u00f3n verificada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La profilaxis preexposici\u00f3n (PrEP)<\/strong> y la profilaxis postexposici\u00f3n (PEP) <\/strong>son estrategias que incluyen a los medicamentos antirretrovirales para prevenir la infecci\u00f3n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el caso de la PrEP est\u00e1 indicada antes de una exposici\u00f3n potencial al virus, mientras que PEP se emplea tras una situaci\u00f3n de riesgo. Ambas buscan evitar que el virus logre establecerse en el organismo humano.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los autores de la publicaci\u00f3n compartieron estas buenas pr\u00e1cticas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Ofrecer consejer\u00eda sobre PrEP y PEP a toda persona sexualmente activa, incluidos adolescentes y usuarios de drogas inyectables, con informaci\u00f3n positiva.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Permitir la prescripci\u00f3n de PrEP a cualquier adulto o adolescente que la solicite.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Evaluar el riesgo de VIH en cada consulta y sugerir PrEP a quienes se puedan beneficiar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Si sexo asignado o identidad de g\u00e9nero no est\u00e1n claros, el personal de salud se debe guiar para hacer la indicaci\u00f3n seg\u00fan la anatom\u00eda y situaci\u00f3n del paciente y sus parejas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Indicar PEP solo ante exposiciones de riesgo real y cuando la persona fuente pueda transmitir VIH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Realizar una prueba de VIH antes de dar PEP, sin demorar el tratamiento.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. No prescribir PEP si la persona fuente es VIH negativa, el estatus es desconocido en la poblaci\u00f3n general o la persona con VIH tiene carga viral indetectable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. En situaciones dudosas, decidir junto al paciente y nunca demorar el acceso a la terapia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. Comenzar PEP al instante tras la exposici\u00f3n y seguir durante 28 d\u00edas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. Se deber\u00eda involucrar a autoridades, organizaciones y sociedades cient\u00edficas para promover y monitorear PrEP y PEP.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Los expertos tambi\u00e9n especificaron que los f\u00e1rmacos que se deber\u00edan indicar como PrEP <\/strong>son:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Tenofovir disoproxil fumarato\/emtricitabina:<\/strong>\u00a0Esquema diario en comprimidos, considerado la opci\u00f3n preferida para la mayor\u00eda de las personas VIH negativas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Tenofovir alafenamida\/emtricitabina:<\/strong>\u00a0Puede ser considerado en situaciones espec\u00edficas, por ejemplo, para personas con problemas renales o de densidad \u00f3sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Cabotegravir de acci\u00f3n prolongada:<\/strong>\u00a0Inyecci\u00f3n intramuscular cada dos meses. En la gu\u00eda afirmaron: \u201cRecomendamos CAB-LA 600 mg como opci\u00f3n de PrEP\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      En tanto, los medicamentos para usar en casos de PEP son:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Bictegravir\/tenofovir alafenamida\/emtricitabina<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Dolutegravir m\u00e1s tenofovir disoproxil fumarato\/emtricitabina<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Ambos esquemas deben iniciarse tan pronto como sea posible despu\u00e9s de la exposici\u00f3n (m\u00e1ximo 72 horas) y mantenerse durante 28 d\u00edas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Esos medicamentos ya demostraron efectividad y seguridad para la prevenci\u00f3n del VIH en personas con diferentes perfiles y necesidades, de acuerdo con las recomendaciones actualizadas de la gu\u00eda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        En el marco del D\u00eda Mundial del Sida, que se conmemora cada 1\u00b0 de diciembre desde…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4632,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"D\u00eda Mundial del Sida: cient\u00edficos divulgaron 10 claves para prevenir la infecci\u00f3n","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[120],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-salud"],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00eda Mundial del Sida: cient\u00edficos divulgaron 10 claves para prevenir la infecci\u00f3n -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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